Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

British economist A.C. Pigou was instrumental in developing the theory of externalities. The theory examines cases where some of the costs or benefits of activities “spill over” onto third parties.

Many economic models are constructed on the basis of an equity-efficiency trade-off, assuming that equality comes at the cost of efficiency. This column argues that inequality is better understood as ...

You may have heard of negative externalities, which are the costs that a market activity imposes on others who are not directly involved in it. For example, pollution, traffic congestion, or noise are ...

(Note: the following is an illustrated summary of a 22-page essay available as a PDF here. Also, while the use of cartoons risks trivializing serious issues, my hope is they serve as intuitive and ...

More than 42 million Americans are exposed to medium or high levels of traffic noise. Despite its potentially large toll and unequal distribution, the economic costs, incidence, and policy ...

In economics, an externality is an indirect effect of consumption or production activity on agents other than the originator of such activity. We observe that internet is enabling the design of ...

This paper constructed a retailer-leading supply chain system considering the extended warranty (EW) with single manufacturer and single retailer to study the influence of network externality on ...

1 School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China. 2 Department of Economics and Management, Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Deyang, China. Recently, ...