Surface relief grating formation in photo-responsive azo polymers under irradiation is a long-ago-found phenomenon, but all the factors governing its efficiency are still not fully recognized. Here, ...

Structured beams carrying orbital angular momentum have been generated conventionally using spiral phase plates, fork gratings, and metasurfaces. Spiral phase plates are non-planar, fork gratings do ...

First experimental observation of matter-wave diffraction in a short-lived electron-positron atom using a graphene-based diffraction grating. (Nanowerk News) One of the discoveries that fundamentally ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. This is one of the earliest concave ...