LCA and LCC are methods to assess the environmental and economic impacts of a product, system, or service over its entire life cycle, from extraction of raw materials to disposal or recycling. LCA ...

The built environment plays a pivotal role in shaping our society, encompassing the spaces where we live, work, and interact. It is, however, a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas ...

Retrofitting and rehabilitation projects offer valuable insights into the structural behavior, design, and assessment of different types of structures, such as buildings, bridges, dams, or tunnels. By ...