Checkpoint is an internal process that writes all dirty pages (modified pages) from Buffer Cache to Physical disk, apart from this it also writes the log records from log buffer to physical file.

🔐𝐂𝐇𝐄𝐂𝐊𝐏𝐎𝐈𝐍𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐒𝐐𝐋 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐫 A Checkpoint is a background process that ensures database consistency and speeds up recovery. 𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐏𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐬: 1️⃣ A checkpoint writes all dirty ...

Under the simple recovery model, unless some factor is delaying log truncation, an automatic checkpoint truncates the unused section of the transaction log. By contrast, under the full and bulk-logged ...